Surface plating is widely used to repair or salvage critical components in the marine industry. As many components need disassembly, the repair process is typically carried out when the ship is in dry ...

Hollow nanosized needles, or nanostraws, are a promising tool for opening up tiny, temporary holes in cell membranes to deliver molecules or sample a cell’s contents. Nanostraws could also deliver ...

The density of the chromium electroplating, chromium anodizing or reverse etching solution may be determined by one of two methods: 1) Direct measurement of the mass of a specific volume of solution; ...

Abstract: The maskless electroplating patterning process (MEPP) implementing the selective electrochemical additive manufacturing (S-ECAM) method can directly form Cu pillars with different diameters ...

Electroplating is a simple and low-cost process that produces a uniform and dense coating with good adhesion to the substrate. This method is also suitable for coating complex-shaped interconnects.

5.1 Samples for surface tension analysis must be taken from solutions at the representative operating temperature of the facility. The solutions should also be agitated for at least 10 minutes before ...