Electrical machines consume nearly half of all the electrical power generated worldwide, making them one of the top contributors to carbon dioxide emissions. If we are to develop sustainable societies ...

Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (PMSMs) are core actuators in electric drive systems for their high-power density and precision, but their control performance and robustness degrade severely under ...

The permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) has been considered a promising solution to induction motors (IMs) and DC motors due to their high efficiency and simple structure. These advantages have ...